The units and where they are used
km/h is the road-speed unit almost everywhere. mph is used on roads in the US and UK. m/s is the SI unit and what physics calculations use.
Knots — nautical miles per hour — are standard in marine and air navigation. The reason is practical: a nautical mile is one minute of latitude, so a speed in knots translates directly into position change on a chart.
Mach is not a fixed speed
Mach is a ratio to the local speed of sound, which depends on air temperature — and therefore on altitude. At sea level and 15 °C, Mach 1 is about 340 m/s (1,225 km/h). At cruising altitude, around −55 °C, it drops to roughly 295 m/s (1,062 km/h).
The conversion above uses the sea-level figure and says so. An aircraft flying at Mach 0.85 at altitude is moving considerably slower than 0.85 × the sea-level value.
A quick mental conversion
To go from km/h to mph, multiply by 0.6 — good to within 4%. From mph to km/h, multiply by 1.6. And m/s to km/h is exactly ×3.6, which is worth memorising if you read physics results.