Why aspect ratio matters
Changing width and height independently stretches the image. The lock keeps the original proportions by adjusting the other dimension automatically, which is what you want unless you are deliberately fitting a fixed frame.
When you do need an exact size that does not match the original ratio — a social banner, say — resizing alone will distort it. Crop to the target ratio first, then resize.
Downscaling is safe, upscaling is not
Reducing an image discards pixels, and modern browsers do it with good interpolation, so the result looks clean. Enlarging has to invent pixels that were never captured. No amount of interpolation adds detail — it just spreads the existing detail over more pixels, giving a soft, slightly blurry result. The tool warns when you cross that line.
AI upscalers do better by predicting plausible detail, but they are inventing it, which makes them unsuitable where accuracy matters.
Resize for the size you display at
Serving a 4000px photo into a 800px slot wastes bandwidth on every visitor and slows the page for no visual gain. Resize to roughly the display size — or twice it, for high-density screens — and the page gets faster with no visible difference.
Metadata
The resized image is drawn onto a fresh canvas, which means EXIF data — camera model, settings, and any GPS coordinates — is not carried over. For sharing photos publicly that is usually what you want. If you need the metadata preserved, keep the original alongside.